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During the modernist period, three types of agents were involved in the process of making a work of art: the artist, the critic and the gallery owner. The role of the critic was to justify and theorize works of art he judged were good; this is why he is sometimes called militant critic.

List of militant critics and the art movement they fought for, in chronological order:

Félix Fénéon: neo-impressionism

Clement Greenberg: abstract expressionism

Pierre Restany: new realism

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